Parkinson’s in the UK is the fastest growing neurological condition in the world. This is caused by the loss of dopamine producing cells in the brain. Dopamine is responsible for allowing you to feel pleasure, satisfaction and motivation. When you feel good, or when you have achieved something, it’s because you have a surge of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine plays a vital role in regulating the movement of the body. A reduction in dopamine is responsible for many of the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. This is caused by a loss of nerve cells in part of the brain called the ‘substantia nigra’ which leads to a reduction of dopamine in the brain. Exactly what causes the loss of nerve cells is unclear. Most experts think that a combination of genetic and environmental factors is responsible.
Parkinson’s was named after the English surgeon James Parkinson’s, who is known for his 1817 work “An Essay on the Shaking Palsy.” Whilst Parkinson’s has frequently been described as a disease, now it more accurately is referred to as a condition because whilst it covers a range of similar symptoms, the exact composition is unique to each sufferer.
For the range of symptoms, Parkinson’s could be compared to an Iceberg, where what appears above the surface is a fraction of the size of what is actually below the surface. To illustrate, what appears above the surface represents the physical, or motor symptoms. which frequently is associated with Parkinson’s, such as tremors, muscle stiffness, slowness, walking, and balance problems. However below the surface unseen is the mental or cognitive symptoms, which includes depression, apathy, memory loss, and anxiety.
The exact cause of Parkinson’s is not yet fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Originally considered to be an older person’s condition, the number of younger people affected by Young Onset Parkinson’s is increasing. Currently there is not a cure and even when there is it will take time for people to benefit. Positively Parkinson’s aim is to support those living with the condition NOW and to raise awareness and funds by demonstrating what challenges can be achieved with a positive mindset.